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Highly Contaminated Marine Sediments Can Host Rare Bacterial Taxa Potentially Useful for Bioremediation

TitleHighly Contaminated Marine Sediments Can Host Rare Bacterial Taxa Potentially Useful for Bioremediation
Publication TypeArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Year of Publication2021
AuthorsDell’Anno, F., Rastelli E., Tangherlini M., Corinaldesi C., Sansone C., Brunet C., Balzano S., Ianora A., Musco L., Montereali Maria Rita, and Dell’Anno A.
JournalFrontiers in Microbiology
Volume12
ISSN1664302X
Keywords2, 3 cd]pyrene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Agarivorans, Alphaproteobacteria, anthracene, article, Atomic absorption spectrometry, bacterium contamination, bacterium isolation, Bacteroidetes, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benz[a]anthracene, Bioremediation, Chloroflexi, chrysene, controlled study, cyanobacterium, Deltaproteobacteria, Desulfobacterota, dibenz[a, fluoranthene, fluorene, fluorometry, Gammaproteobacteria, gelred, heavy metal, high throughput sequencing, h]anthracene, indeno[1, Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, mass fragmentography, minimum inhibitory concentration, Myxococcota, naphthalene, nitrospirota, nonhuman, organic matter, organisms, pH, phenanthrene, phycisphaerae, planctomycetota, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, prokaryotic cell, Pseudoalteromonas, pyrene, RNA sequencing, sediment, spectrophotometry, Taxonomy, ultrasound, verrucomicrobiae, Vibrio
Abstract

Coastal areas impacted by high anthropogenic pressures typically display sediment contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs). Microbial-based bioremediation represents a promising strategy for sediment reclamation, yet it frequently fails due to poor knowledge of the diversity and dynamics of the autochthonous microbial assemblages and to the inhibition of the target microbes in the contaminated matrix. In the present study, we used an integrated approach including a detailed environmental characterization, high-throughput sequencing and culturing to identify autochthonous bacteria with bioremediation potential in the sediments of Bagnoli-Coroglio (Gulf of Naples, Mediterranean Sea), a coastal area highly contaminated by PAHs, aliphatic hydrocarbons and HMs. The analysis of the benthic prokaryotic diversity showed that the distribution of the dominant taxon (Gammaproteobacteria) was mainly influenced by PAHs, As, and Cd concentrations. The other abundant taxa (including Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, NB1-j, Desulfobacterota, and Myxococcota) were mainly driven by sediment grain size and by Cu and Cr concentrations, while the rare taxa (i.e., each contributing <1%) by As and aliphatic hydrocarbons concentrations and by sediment redox potential. These results suggest a differential response of bacterial taxa to environmental features and chemical contamination and those different bacterial groups may be inhibited or promoted by different contaminants. This hypothesis was confirmed by culturing and isolating 80 bacterial strains using media highly enriched in PAHs, only nine of which were contextually resistant to high HM concentrations. Such resistant isolates represented novel Gammaproteobacteria strains affiliated to Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas, and Agarivorans, which were only scarcely represented in their original assemblages. These findings suggest that rare but culturable bacterial strains resistant/tolerant to high levels of mixed contaminants can be promising candidates useful for the reclamation by bioaugmentation strategies of marine sediments that are highly contaminated with PAHs and HMs. © Copyright © 2021 Dell’Anno, Rastelli, Tangherlini, Corinaldesi, Sansone, Brunet, Balzano, Ianora, Musco, Montereali and Dell’Anno.

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URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85102718349&doi=10.3389%2ffmicb.2021.584850&partnerID=40&md5=c7fa8b8bc69ac66572e0fc2b6db83897
DOI10.3389/fmicb.2021.584850
Citation KeyDell’Anno2021