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Fine and ultrafine atmospheric particulate matter at a multi-influenced urban site: Physicochemical characterization, mutagenicity and cytotoxicity

TitleFine and ultrafine atmospheric particulate matter at a multi-influenced urban site: Physicochemical characterization, mutagenicity and cytotoxicity
Publication TypeArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Year of Publication2017
AuthorsLandkocz, Y., Ledoux F., André V., Cazier F., Genevray P., Dewaele D., Martin P.J., Lepers C., Verdin A., Courcot L., Boushina S., Sichel F., Gualtieri Maurizio, Shirali P., Courcot D., and Billet S.
JournalEnvironmental Pollution
Volume221
Pagination130-140
ISSN02697491
Keywordsair pollutant, Air Pollutants, Air pollution, analysis, Cities, city, DNA damage, Environmental monitoring, Industry, mutagen testing, mutagenic agent, Mutagenicity Tests, Mutagens, particle size, particulate matter, Photochemical Processes, Photochemistry, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, silicone derivative, Silicones, Toxicity, Ultrafine
Abstract

Particulate Matter (PM) air pollution is one of the major concerns for environment and health. Understanding the heterogeneity and complexity of fine and ultrafine PM is a fundamental issue notably for the assessment of PM toxicological effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of a multi-influenced urban site PM, with or without the ultrafine fraction. For this purpose, PM2.5-0.3 (PM with aerodynamic diameter ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 μm) and PM2.5 were collected in Dunkerque, a French coastal industrial city and were extensively characterized for their physico-chemical properties, including inorganic and organic species. In order to identify the possible sources of atmospheric pollution, specific criteria like Carbon Preference Index (CPI) and PAH characteristic ratios were investigated. Mutagenicity assays using Ames test with TA98, TA102 and YG1041 Salmonella strains with or without S9 activation were performed on native PM sample and PM organic extracts and water-soluble fractions. BEAS-2B cell viability and cell proliferation were evaluated measuring lactate dehydrogenase release and mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity after exposure to PM and their extracts. Several contributing sources were identified in PM: soil resuspension, marine emissions including sea-salt or shipping, road traffic and industrial activities, mainly related to steelmaking or petro-chemistry. Mutagenicity of PM was evidenced, especially for PM2.5, including ultrafine fraction, in relation to PAHs content and possibly nitro-aromatics compounds. PM induced cytotoxic effects at relatively high doses, while alteration of proliferation with low PM doses could be related to underlying mechanisms such as genotoxicity. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd

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URLhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85008199834&doi=10.1016%2fj.envpol.2016.11.054&partnerID=40&md5=abaa8f590ce3a5828bb43529c936b548
DOI10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.054
Citation KeyLandkocz2017130